selection bias

Owing to high possibility of selection bias and measurement bias in included studies , there must be a negative impact on evidence intensity of our results . We expect best evidence from with high quality double blind randomized control trials .

由于纳入研究存在选择性偏倚和测量性偏倚的高度可能性，势必影响结果的证据强度，期待高质量的随机双盲对照试验提供高质量的证据。

However , Emergency room visits might be influenced by hospitalization bias and selection bias .

但医院急诊人次有时也可能会受到入院率偏倚，选择偏倚等的影响。

Users of a report have their own selection bias .

报告使用者有自己的选择偏好。

Causal Inference in the Models with Hidden Variables and Selection Bias

含隐变量和选择偏差的图模型中的因果推断

Heterogeneity , Selection Bias and the Return to Education : A Empirical Analysis Based on Chinese Micro-Data

选择偏差、比较优势与教育的异质性回报∶基于中国微观数据的实证研究

However , the use of selection bias is accompanied by local optimum andpremature convergence .

然而，选择偏置的使用伴随着使算法陷入局部最优和早熟收敛的危险。

In the data processing , increased efficiency , reduced sample selection bias , and greatly facilitate the handling of statistics .

在数据的处理方面，提高了效率，减少了样本选择的偏倚，极大地方便了统计处理。

The selection bias model can provide a satisfactory way to correct for estimation bias introduced by item non-response .

如果是，则将会造成估计的偏误，此时，以选样偏误模型来校正估计值的偏误可以发挥相当不错的效果。

Propensity scores are used to reduce selection bias by equating groups based on these covariates .

倾向得分通过平衡各组的协变量的方法，用于降低选择偏倚。

Some readers complained about selection bias in a prior piece I wrote utilizing Cambridge associates data .

3.有些读者对于我在前一篇文章中采纳康桥咨询公司（CambridgeAssociates）数据的做法颇有微词，认为这有失公允。

The researchers acknowledge study limitations , including possible selection bias , misclassification of race and inaccurate responses to questionnaires .

研究人员承认研究也有一定局限性，包括可能的选择偏倚、种族误判和不准确的调查问卷等。

But both the selection bias and regular-phone-use definition might be expected to mask any adverse effect of phones .

但是，在挑选的偏见和经常的电话使用的定义也许可以预料掩盖了手机的任何不利影响。

In this paper , we construct a simultaneous bivariate probit model ( SBP model ) to correct the sample selection bias .

本文构建一个测度贷款违约概率的联立双变量Probit模型（SBP模型），对样本选择偏差问题进行纠正。

We find : Firstly , There exists selection bias , for adopting stock incentive companies whose performances are high before adopting stock incentive plan .

研究结果表明：（1）实行股权激励的公司，在实行股权激励前业绩普遍较高，存在选择性偏见。

Case-Based Reasoning was brought forward to perform credit scoring and correct the sample selection bias , and basic theory and steps were expatiated thoroughly .

提出了利用案例推理方法进行信用评分并纠正样本偏差，并对该方法的基本原理和步骤进行了详细的阐释。

Conclusion The principles and methods for observational studies should be followed to reduce information bias , selection bias and confounding bias in statistical analysis of hospital data .

结论在对医院资料进行统计分析时，应遵循观察性研究的原则和方法，以避免可能存在的信息偏倚、选择偏倚和混杂偏倚。

The researchers insist that this lower mortality rate is not the result of the breast augmentation procedure itself , but rather of a double selection bias .

研究人员认为，这一较低的死亡率不是隆胸本身的结果，而是由于双重选择偏倚。

McFadden . Heckman 's major achievement is his theory on selection bias and self-selection , sustained model , item comment on active labor market ;

赫克曼的主要贡献有选择偏倚和自我选择、持续模型、积极劳动力市场项目评价。

The findings are subject to selection bias and confounding , which will have been minimised but not eliminated by propensity score matching .

该发现是受选择偏倚和混杂设计的影响，这些可以通过倾向评分匹配最大限度的降低但不能消除。

The title of the book , Stocks for the Long Run & stocks always outperform other investments for the long run and he says it 's not due to selection bias .

书名是为《股市长线法宝》，长期投资中股票总是比其他资产有更高的收益，他认为他在研究中排除了选择性偏差。

Although this is an observed phenomenon , there is most likely some selection bias , as patients who received the resurfacings tended to be younger and more active patient population .

虽然我们能够观察到这种现象，但其应归咎于选择偏倚，因为接受表面置换的病人较传统全髋置换的病人更加年轻更活跃。

To demonstrate the exist of systemic segmented character of Chinese labor market through Heckman two-step method correcting selection bias and the difference of wage determination system between system segmented labor market . 3 .

采用Heckman两阶段法纠正选择性偏差，实证检验了我国劳动力市场体制性分割特征的存在，并实证研究了体制性分割的劳动力市场中在工资决定机制方面存在的差异。

However , previous researches focus mainly on the improving of predicting accuracy of personal credit scoring models , while an essential problem – Rejection Bias , the problem of sample selection bias - is ignored .

然而，过去的研究大多注重于对模型精度的提高，却忽略了一个重要的问题&拒绝推论，即样本偏差的问题。

For example , although there are many literatures both in home and abroad about the wage differentials between public and private sectors , they almost ignore the selection bias arising from the non-participants .

比如，虽然国内外有很多文献研究公有部门和私有部门之间的工资差距，但几乎都忽略未就业状态的劳动者群体引起的选择性偏差问题。

The research findings show that the vote choice model estimates may suffer from serious selection bias because non-respondents tended to be pan-blue voters and to vote for the pan-blue candidate .

研究发现显示：在投票对象的模型中，由于泛蓝认同者有较多偏向无反应，且政党认同又决定性地影响投票对象，因此，无反应问题导致的估计偏误相当严重。

To control for reerse causation and selection bias , the researchers studied a birth cohort of13116 children born in1995in manitoba , using the proince 's health care and prescription databases .

为了控制倒向因果和选择偏倚，研究者们利用省健康护理中心和处方数据库的资料，对1995年在马尼托巴出生的13116名孩子进行了研究。

In the research , we prove the inconsistency of standard OLS and conditional IV estimator with existence of selection bias and heterogeneity and hence we apply ATE ( average treatment effect ) method to correct for sample selection bias and heterogeneity .

文章在研究中从选择偏差及异质性着手，论证了OLS与传统IV估计量的非一致性，进而采用了平均政策效应以弥补两者缺陷。

No one puts much stock in Dr. Kinsey 's high numbers any more - his sampling methods suffered from a raging case of selection bias - but his results fit the long-standing assumption that men are much more likely to cheat than women .

如今人们对金赛得出的高出轨率已经不是非常重视了（他的取样方法存在严重的选择偏差），但他的结果符合人们长期以来的假设，即男性欺骗伴侣的可能性要比女性大得多。

Primary objective To avoid selection and publication bias , systematic reviewers should employ a broad range of search techniques and make efforts to locate unpublished studies .

目的为避免选择和发表偏倚，系统评价者应采用多种查询技术，并尽力获得未发表的研究。

An important characteristic of human cognitive system is that it adapts itself to fit specific task demands and solve conflicts in terms of perceptual selection , response bias , and real-time use of context information .

人类认知系统的一个重要特征是它能根据知觉选择、反应偏向以及实时更新的情境信息调节自身以适应特定的任务，使这种适应性得以实现的认知过程就是认知控制。